The Research Process

Research is a process.

This model provides one way to help you visualize common steps in the research process.

Scroll down to read an overview of the various main research phases.

Then, visit other website pages for more in-depth information and resources.

Keep in mind that there is no single direct path for research.

While one phase focuses on gathering information, you need to gather information - which generally involves a lot of reading - throughout the research process.
Developing a quality guiding question takes time, and you may need to revise it more than once.
Your argument or thesis statement will also likely evolve as you gather information. Do not narrowly seek information that only supports a set belief.
While you may reflect at the end on the overall process and your final product, you need to reflect throughout the research process to make revisions as you work.

Getting started segment of research process

Getting Started - What is my information need?

Since research is systematic, it is important to start off with a good foundation that includes:

Understanding the Assignment - Make sure you understand the parameters and goal for your research efforts. This will shape your approach throughout the research process.
Getting Organized - To avoid stressed from information overload, start off by getting organized.
Finding Focus - Determining the focus for your main gathering of information is a process in itself that requires preliminary information gathering.

Gathering Information segment of research process

Gathering Information - How do I find information to meet my need?

Information gathering is a core activity that serves various purposes throughout the research process. While you may feel comfortable searching Google, effective information gathering may require you use more methods and/or more nuanced techniques. In addition, your approach will vary depending on the circumstances of your specific information need. Consider the following aspects:

Types of Information Resources - When gathering information, there are a range of information resource types available for you to consider and search.
Using Keywords for Searching - Your success in finding relevant information resources to meet your needs depends on effectively selecting keywords for your searches,
Taking Notes and Tracking Sources - As you gather information, it is important to use a system to track the information your find.

Analyzing Information segment of research process

Analyzing Information - What is the information I have found?

Remember that research involves more than just gathering and reporting information, When researching, you add meaning - creating new knowledge or understanding - by analyzing the information that you have collected.

Evaluating Information - You must decide whether or not information that you gather is useful and usable for your research.
Developing a Thesis and Argument - You may organize and communicate your ideas and findings by developing a main thesis and argument.
Using Supporting Evidence - Your main thesis and argument are supported by the information that you have gathered, which serves as your evidence.

Presenting Findings segment of research process

Presenting Findings - How do I use the information?

When researching, it is important to share your new knowledge and understanding. By presenting your findings, you become part of the information dialogue and contribute to the continued growth of knowledge. Options for presenting findings include:

Paper/Essay - Guidance includes hints about MLA Format.
Talk
Video/Audio
Visual
Website

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